The Hidden Diagnosis: Renal Aneurysm And AV Fistula Disguised As A Renal Cyst In In A Primigravida Pregnant Woman

Abstract

Renal aneurysms are rare and uncommon findings with an incidence of 0.01%-0.1% in the general population, usually made incidentally with imaging obtained to evaluate unrelated pathologies. A true RAA is defined as a dilated segment of renal artery, in which the diameter exceeds 1.5 times the diameter of a normal segment and involves all three layers of the arterial wall. An AVF is normally caused by congenital or acquired etiologies, including traumatic or iatrogenic injury or arterial dissection and infection/ inflammation. Our case is a  24-year-old, 18 Week primigravida presented with gastroenteritis symptoms  (abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. For which ultrasound was done to exclude acute abdomen pathologies. Incidentally found to have a cyst and hydronephrosis. On follow up a repeat ultrasound was done uncovering a cyst mimicking Right renal aneurysm and AVF.